RESUMO
Wnt/ß-catenin signalling is an important pathway that regulates multiple biological processes, including cell adhesion and determination of cell fate during animal development; in the adult nervous system it regulates the structure and function of synapses. Wnt-signalling dysfunction is associated with several neurodegenerative diseases such as schizophrenia and Alzheimer's disease. The use of natural compounds is an interesting strategy in the search for drugs with the therapeutic potential to activate this signalling pathway. In the present study, we report that andrographolide (ANDRO), a component of Andrographis paniculata, is a potent activator of Wnt signalling. Our results indicate that ANDRO activates this pathway, inducing the transcription of Wnt target genes by a mechanism that bypasses Wnt ligand binding to its receptor. In vitro kinase assays demonstrate that ANDRO inhibits glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3ß by a non-ATP-competitive, substrate-competitive mode of action. In silico analyses suggest that ANDRO interacts with the substrate-binding site of GSK-3ß. Finally, we demonstrated that the increase seen in the levels of GSK-3ß phosphorylated at Ser9 is the result of an autoregulatory mechanism of the kinase in vivo, although not through activation of protein phosphatase type 1. Our results suggest that ANDRO could be used as a potential therapeutic drug for disorders caused by Wnt-signalling dysfunction such as neurodegenerative diseases.
Assuntos
Diterpenos/farmacologia , Quinase 3 da Glicogênio Sintase/antagonistas & inibidores , Hipocampo/efeitos dos fármacos , Neurônios/efeitos dos fármacos , Nootrópicos/farmacologia , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/farmacologia , Via de Sinalização Wnt/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Ligação Competitiva , Domínio Catalítico , Células Cultivadas , Diterpenos/química , Diterpenos/metabolismo , Quinase 3 da Glicogênio Sintase/química , Quinase 3 da Glicogênio Sintase/genética , Quinase 3 da Glicogênio Sintase/metabolismo , Glicogênio Sintase Quinase 3 beta , Hipocampo/citologia , Hipocampo/metabolismo , Técnicas In Vitro , Camundongos , Simulação de Acoplamento Molecular , Estrutura Molecular , Neurônios/citologia , Neurônios/metabolismo , Nootrópicos/química , Nootrópicos/metabolismo , Fosforilação/efeitos dos fármacos , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/química , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/metabolismo , Processamento de Proteína Pós-Traducional/efeitos dos fármacos , Ratos , Serina/química , Serina/metabolismoRESUMO
Agrocybe cylandracea es un hongo que se consume en el municipio de Técpan Guatemala, Chimaltennago, San Juan Ostuncalco, Quetzaltenango y las aldeas Escuachil y Vista Hermosa de San Antonio Sacatepéquez, San Marcos. En la presente investigación se utilizaron cinco cepas guatemaltecas de A. cylindracea determinándose la morfología colonial y el crecimiento micelial en diferentes medios de cultivo y pH, para obtener la mejor condición en su cultivo a nivel de laboratorio como paso previo a la obtención de biomasa fúngica, producción de inóculo y cuerpos fructíferos. Se determinó que todas las colonias de las cepas evaluadas mostraron las características morfológicas reportadas en la literatura para A. cylandracea (con excepción de la cantidad de micelio aéreo el cual fue abundante) en todos los medios y pH estudiados...
